Review Articles

"Living Standards in St. Louis and the Eighth Federal Reserve District: Let’s Get Real"
with Cletus C. Coughlin and Kevin L. Kliesen
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, Fourth Quarter 2017
https://doi.org/10.20955/r.2017.377-394

"Doubling Your Monetary Base and Surviving: Some International Experience"
with Richard G. Anderson and  Yang Liu
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, November/December 2010
https://doi.org/10.20955/r.92.481-506

"The Commercial Paper Market, the Fed, and the 2007-2009 Financial Crisis"
with Richard G. Anderson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, November/December 2009
https://doi.org/10.20955/r.91.589-612

"Estimating U.S. Output Growth with Vintage Data in a State-Space Framework"
with Richard G. Anderson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, July/August 2009
https://doi.org/10.20955/r.91.349-370

Economic Synopses Articles

"Historical Disinflation Episodes: Which Falls First, Goods or Services?"
with  Joseph Martorana
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2024, No. 9
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2024.9

"Eighth District Businesses Report Persistent Inflationary Pressures"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2023, No. 6
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2023.6

"Professional Forecasters’ Outlook for 2023 and Caveats Based on Past Performance"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2023, No. 1
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2023.1

"Does the Beige Book Reflect U.S. Employment and Inflation Trends?"
with  Devin Werner
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2022, No. 13
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2022.13

"Why Is the St. Louis Metro Area Population Growing So Slowly?"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2019, No. 14
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2019.14

"What Are Teachers Really Paid? Adjusting Wages for Regional Differences in Cost of Living"
with  Qiuhan Sun
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2018, No. 23
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2018.23

"Warning: Don’t Infer Regional Inflation Differences from House Price Changes"
with  Andrew Spewak
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2018, No. 6
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2018.6

"The Evolution of St. Louis’s Wage Distribution"
with  Rebecca Cowin
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2017, No. 15
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2017.15

"What Could We Have Expected from a $10 Minimum Wage in the City of St. Louis?"
with  James D. Eubanks
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2017, No. 8
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2017.8

"Recent Changes in Labor Force Participation: Trend or Cycle?"
with Riccardo DiCecio
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2010, No. 16
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2010.16

"Vacancies and Unemployment"
with Riccardo DiCecio
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2009, No. 44
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2009.44

"Household Retrenchment"
with Riccardo DiCecio
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2009, No. 17
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2009.17

"Federal Reserve Assets: Understanding the Pieces of the Pie"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2009, No. 13
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2009.13

"The Current Recession: How Bad Is It?"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2009, No. 4
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2009.4

"Predicting Consumption: A Lesson in Real-Time Data"
with Riccardo DiCecio
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2008, No. 28
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2008.28

"Fueling Expected Inflation"
with Richard G. Anderson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2008, No. 21
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2008.21

"New Monetary Policy Tools?"
with Riccardo DiCecio
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2008, No. 10
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2008.10

"Convergence Across States and People"
with Riccardo DiCecio
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2008, No. 2
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2008.2

"The FOMC in 1978"
with Richard G. Anderson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Economic Synopses, 2007, No. 18
https://doi.org/10.20955/es.2007.18

FRED Blog Posts

"The job openings-to-unemployment ratio: Labor markets are in better balance"
FRED Blog, July 18, 2024

"Stronger-than-expected employment growth in 2023 was even stronger than it seemed"
FRED Blog, February 5, 2024

"How are we transporting ourselves? Part 2"
FRED Blog, December 18, 2023

"How are we transporting ourselves? Part 1"
FRED Blog, December 11, 2023

"Multi-family construction slows as single-family construction picks up"
FRED Blog, November 9, 2023

"Strong and weak currencies"
FRED Blog, September 11, 2023

"Unemployment claims, the original high-frequency economic indicator"
FRED Blog, August 17, 2023

"Despite high inflation, households haven't yet depleted their pandemic-related savings"
FRED Blog, May 18, 2023

"Are labor supply and labor demand out of balance?"
FRED Blog, February 9, 2023

"A greater number of workers still remain outside the labor force"
FRED Blog, January 19, 2023

"Using FRED maps to look at regional GDP"
FRED Blog, December 19, 2022

"Is the economy growing? Depends on how you measure it"
FRED Blog, September 1, 2022

"The Macro Snapshot--updated and improved"
FRED Blog, June 30, 2022

"The new St. Louis Fed Macro Snapshot"
FRED Blog, May 2, 2022

"Discrepancies in dating recessions"
FRED Blog, August 26, 2021

"Why does cost of living vary so much?"
FRED Blog, July 2, 2018

"Metro area economic conditions"
FRED Blog, January 18, 2018

"Cost of living and per capita incomes in U.S. cities"
FRED Blog, July 17, 2017

"Moving someplace new?"
FRED Blog, March 20, 2017

"Don't be surprised: Employment data get revised"
FRED Blog, March 16, 2017

"St Louis adds 15,600...no, wait...22,400 jobs in 2015: Be aware of data revisions"
FRED Blog, March 24, 2016

"Measuring and comparing local economies: Memphis vs. Nashville"
FRED Blog, January 21, 2016

Regional Economist Articles

"Labor Market Conditions Have Eased, but Why? A State-Level View"
with  Joseph Martorana
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2024

"Understanding Patterns in U.S. Regional Economic Growth"
with  Thomas Walstrum
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2023

"Variations in Inflation across U.S. Metro Areas"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2022

"Labor Constraints Remain Greatest Challenge for Resurgent Manufacturing Sector"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2022

"Pandemic, Rising Costs Challenge Child Care Industry"
with  Devin Werner
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2022

"Leisure and Hospitality Sector's Recovery Complicated by Delta Variant"
with  Nathan Jefferson and  Devin Werner
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2021

"Commercial Loans Rise Sharply during COVID-19 Pandemic "
with  Nathan Jefferson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2021, Vol. 29, No. 2

"COVID-19 and States’ Revenues: An Analysis"
with  Jesse LaBelle
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2021, Vol. 29, No. 1

"A Look Back at Regional Economic Performance before COVID-19 "
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2021, Vol. 29, No. 1

"The Impact of COVID-19 on the Residential Real Estate Market"
with  Jacob Haas
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2020, Vol. 28, No. 4

"Using High-Frequency Data to Track the Regional Economy"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2020, Vol. 28, No. 3

"Hospital Capacity amid the COVID-19 Pandemic"
with  Asha Bharadwaj
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2020, Vol. 28, No. 2

"As More States Legalize Marijuana, Economics Comes into Play"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2020, Vol. 28, No. 1

"The Role of Industry Mix in Regional Business Cycles"
with  Jacob Haas
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2019, Vol. 27, No. 4

"Working from Home: More Americans Are Telecommuting"
with  Andrew Spewak
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2019, Vol. 27, No. 3

"Industry Mix May Help Explain Urban-Rural Divide in Economic Growth"
with  Brian Reinbold
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2019, Vol. 27, No. 2

"Slowing U.S. Housing Sector Still Shaped by Great Recession"
with  Asha Bharadwaj
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2019, Vol. 27, No. 1

"Bourbon and Whiskey Distillers Face Rosy Tourism, Vexing Tariffs"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2018, Vol. 26, No. 4

"Soybeans, the Eighth District’s No. 1 Crop, Caught in Trade Tussle"
with  Jonas Crews
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2018, Vol. 26, No. 3

"St. Louis Fed Steps in to Provide More-Timely Jobs Data"
with  Paul Morris
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2018, Vol. 26, No. 2

"Health Care Remains Important Job Engine in Eighth District"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2018, Vol. 26, No. 1

"Advanced Manufacturing Is Vital across Nation, Including Eighth District"
with  Andrew Spewak
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2017, Vol. 25, No. 4

"Coal's Future Looks Uncertain as Rival Fuels Grow"
with  Jonas Crews
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2017, Vol. 25, No. 3

"Startups Create Many Jobs, but They Often Don't Last"
with Maximiliano A. Dvorkin
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2017, Vol. 25, No. 3

"Growth in Tech Sector Returns to Glory Days of the 1990s"
with  Evan Karson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2017, Vol. 25, No. 2

"Multifamily Housing Shows Strong Growth, Leading to Bubble Fears"
with  Joseph McGillicuddy
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2017, Vol. 25, No. 1

"Evansville, Ind., Adapts As Manufacturing, Population Growth Slide"
with  Andrew Spewak
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2016, Vol. 24, No. 4

"Health Care, Hospitality and Retirees Keep Hot Springs Afloat"
with  Faisal Sohail
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2016, Vol. 24, No. 3

"Some Sectors Are Strong in Cape Girardeau, but Recovery from Recession Remains Elusive"
with  Joseph McGillicuddy
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2016, Vol. 24, No. 2

"Jefferson City, Mo., Facing Same Struggles As Other State Capitals"
with  Evan Karson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2016, Vol. 24, No. 1

"Metro Profile: Jonesboro Outperforming Arkansas and Nation in Some Key Categories"
with  Michael R. Pakko
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2015, Vol. 23, No. 4

"District Overview: "Leaving the Nest" Is Easier in Arkansas than Elsewhere in the District and Nation"
with Maria E. Canon
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2015, Vol. 23, No. 4

"Metro Profile: Bowling Green, Ky.: Cars, College and Caves"
with  Georgette Fernandez Laris
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2015, Vol. 23, No. 3

"Metro Profile: A Familiar Name with an Economy Facing Familiar Challenges"
with  Georgette Fernandez Laris
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2015, Vol. 23, No. 2

"Metro Profile: A Tale of Four Cities: Widespread Growth in Northwest Arkansas"
with  Michael A Varley
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2015, Vol. 23, No. 1

"Metro Profile: Manufacturing Shares the Stage with Service Sectors in Jackson, Tenn."
with  James D. Eubanks
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2014, Vol. 22, No. 4

"Metro Profile: As Owensboro, Ky. Wraps Up Wave of Development, Hiring Slows Down"
with  Maria A. Arias
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2014, Vol. 22, No. 3

"Metro Profile: After Stalling, Recovery Resumes in St. Louis"
with  Diana A. Cooke
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2014, Vol. 22, No. 2

"Metro Profile: Long-Resilient Little Rock Faces Uncertain Pace of Recovery"
with  Peter B. McCrory
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2014, Vol. 22, No. 1

"District Overview: Engines of Growth Vary in Four Largest Cities"
with  Maria A. Arias
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2014, Vol. 22, No. 1

"Metro Profile: Transportation and Health Care Are Pockets of Strength in Memphis' Slow Recovery"
with  James D. Eubanks
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2013, Vol. 21, No. 4

"District Overview: Student-Loan Debt in the District—Reasons behind the Recent Increase"
with  Bryan J. Noeth
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Fourth Quarter 2013, Vol. 21, No. 4

"Metro Profile: Louisville Successfully Transitions from Industrial to Service Economy"
with  Sean P. Grover
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Third Quarter 2013, Vol. 21, No. 3

"College Degrees: Why Aren't More People Making the Investment?"
with Maria E. Canon
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2012, Vol. 20, No. 2

"A Closer Look: Assistance Programs in the Wake of the Crisis"
with Richard G. Anderson
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, First Quarter 2011, Vol. 19, No. 1

"This Is Not Your Father's Recession ... or Is It?"
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Regional Economist, Second Quarter 2009, Vol. 17, No. 2

On the Economy Blog Posts

Did the Pandemic Spur Urban Flight? A Look at the Eighth District
On the Economy, May 27, 2021